Eight rows, each pairing an addition problem with a subtraction problem. The child fills in the missing number in 4 + ? = 9, then uses it to finish 9 − 4 = ?. An example at the top shows how 3 + 7 = 10 means 10 − 3 = 7.
Thinking of subtraction as a missing addend is one of the most useful strategies a first grader can learn, because addition usually comes more easily. Once a child knows 7 + 8 is 15, they also know 15 − 7.
The answers to both halves of each row are the same number, which children tend to notice on their own, and that is the connection this page is built to show.